The Pipeline Road in Soberanía National Park is one of the genuinely great birding corridors on earth. The Christmas Bird Count based here has set world single-day species records more than once, because a narrow isthmus concentrates two continents' avifauna into a strip of lowland forest. The counterpoint is strange and worth seeing: rainforest with Panamax freighters sliding through the Culebra Cut a few kilometres away.
Volcán Barú at 3,475 m is the country's high point, and on a genuinely clear morning you can see both oceans from the summit, though clear mornings are not common and the standard ascent is a midnight-to-dawn slog up a rough vehicle track. Boquete below it is geisha coffee country. And in the east, Darién: we run community-led river travel with Emberá hosts on permitted ground, and we do not and will not arrange a Gap crossing.
Country-level constraints that decide whether a date is possible.